{"id":111082,"date":"2023-04-27T15:10:03","date_gmt":"2023-04-27T19:10:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/?p=111082"},"modified":"2024-03-01T14:46:35","modified_gmt":"2024-03-01T18:46:35","slug":"optical-scanning-for-chest-wall-abnormalities-osca","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/optical-scanning-for-chest-wall-abnormalities-osca\/","title":{"rendered":"Optical Scanning for Chest wall Abnormalities (OSCA)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Team<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Abdalrahman Almallahi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Timmarie Gallagher<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maysoon Harunani<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Phuong Le<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rosemary MacLean<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ellie Richard<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Project Supervisor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Regine Choe, Ph.D.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Customer<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nicole Wilson, Ph.D, M.D.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paul Kupicha<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Background Information<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Medical Condition<\/summary>
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Pectus excavatum (PE) is the most common chest wall abnormality, making up about 87-90% of cases.1<\/sup> The abnormality is characterized by a depression in the chest, specifically the sternum and surrounding costal cartilages. This depression of the chest can cause health problems associated with the compression of the heart and lungs.2<\/sup> Compression of the heart can lead to decreased cardiac output, mitral valve prolapse, and arrhythmia. The complications involving the pulmonary system include restrictive lung disease, pulmonary atelectasis, paradoxical respiration, and more frequent and prolonged respiratory infections.1<\/sup><\/sub> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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The second most common chest wall abnormality is pectus carinatum (PC), which accounts for about 5% of chest wall abnormalities.1<\/sup> PC is characterized by the outward protrusion of the sternum or rib cage. It is generally not as dangerous physiologically as PE and often does not present other symptoms.  In the cases where there are symptoms, potential ones are tenderness at the protruded region and reduced pulmonary endurance.3<\/sup> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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PE and PC can also have a psychological impact on patients such as withdrawal from social activities, a high degree of body image dissatisfaction, and low self-esteem. This leads to an overall decrease in quality of life in addition to the possible physical health issues.4<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Pectus Excavatum5<\/sup><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Pectus Carinatum6<\/sup><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/details><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Scanning<\/summary>
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3D optical scanning has recently been proposed for application in research settings as an alternative to computed tomography (CT) scans for quantifying chest wall abnormalities. This would aid in reducing the  exposure to radiation and allows for more frequently scanning to evaluate and monitor the progression of treatment.7<\/sup> Dr. Wilson and Paul Kupicha proposed designing a  scanning apparatus to improve the research in this field and increase patient compliance by showing their progression in treatment more frequently in a quantifiable way.  <\/p>\n<\/div><\/details><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Problem Statement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The current methodology for 3D optical scanning at the Golisano Children\u2019s Hospital Center for Chest wall Reconstruction is not able to repeatedly produce standardizable scans due to its manual process of holding the scanner and walking around the patient. The Optical Scanning for Chest wall Abnormalities (OSCA) project is focused on designing a system to produce more standardized and reliable 3D images for analyzing the progression of chest wall abnormality treatment over time.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Scenario<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The scanning device will aid in the acquisition of chest wall scans that are used during the treatment process for PE and PC. Dr. Nicole Wilson and her team are currently manually scanning their patients, using an iPad and the Structure Mark II sensor. The scanner is held one meter away from the patient\u2019s chest and level with their chest wall. The handheld scanner is then moved around the patient, trying to follow a circular path while keeping the iPad and scanner level. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The new scanning apparatus will be adjusted according to the height of the patient and the user will push the scanning vertical arm along the guided circular path around the patient. The user will stop and pause for incremental scanning  as prompted by the system\u2019s built-in stops. This allows for consistency in the positioning of the iPad and rotation for each keyframe, both of which aid with producing precise and reproducible scans.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Major Design Requirements<\/h2>\n\n\n\n