{"id":63952,"date":"2022-04-20T10:05:51","date_gmt":"2022-04-20T14:05:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/?p=63952"},"modified":"2022-09-12T11:02:26","modified_gmt":"2022-09-12T15:02:26","slug":"designing-a-packed-bed-reactor-for-academic-experimentation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/designing-a-packed-bed-reactor-for-academic-experimentation\/","title":{"rendered":"Designing a Packed Bed Reactor for Academic Experimentation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1021\" height=\"621\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-86932\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-4.jpg 1021w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-4-300x182.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-4-768x467.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1021px) 100vw, 1021px\" \/><figcaption>Team Picture<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Team<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Kendra Watson<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Kareem Abdelmaqsoud<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Jeremy Rivkin<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Musab Aldosari&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mentor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Marc Porosoff<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:30px\">Abstract<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-normal-font-size\" style=\"font-size:22px\">A safe and intuitive packed bed reactor was designed and built for academic experimentation in the Chemical Engineering Senior Lab, CHE 246. Students will have the opportunity to apply fundamental concepts of reaction engineering, thermodynamics, kinetics,&nbsp; and transport phenomena by adjusting parameters and calculating the performance metrics of heterogeneous reactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:30px\"><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:22px\">The reaction of focus within this system is the&nbsp;<strong>reverse water gas shift (RWGS)<\/strong>. As shown in Figure (1) and Eq.1, carbon dioxide is converted into carbon monoxide which can be further hydrogenated to&nbsp;<strong>useful hydrocarbons<\/strong> through the Fischer\u2013Tropsch&nbsp;process as shown in Eq.2.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/p11-1024x415.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-73122\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/p11-1024x415.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/p11-300x122.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/p11-768x312.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/p11-1536x623.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/p11-2048x831.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/p11-1200x487.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/p11-1980x803.png 1980w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption><strong>Figure 1.&nbsp;<\/strong>Importance of the RWGS reaction in the context of combatting global warming<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"font-size:22px\">CO<sub>2<\/sub>+H<sub>2<\/sub>&nbsp; \u21cc&nbsp; CO+H<sub>2<\/sub>O&nbsp; &nbsp; (Eq.1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"font-size:22px\">&nbsp;\u0394G=28618 J\/mol , \u0394H=41168 J\/mol&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"font-size:22px\">(2n+1) H<sub>2<\/sub>+n CO&nbsp; \u21cc &nbsp; C<sub>2n<\/sub>H<sub>2n<\/sub>+ 2+n H<sub>2<\/sub>O&nbsp; &nbsp; (Eq.2)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">The RWGS reaction runs at&nbsp;<strong>high temperatures (&gt;600 \u00b0C)&nbsp;<\/strong>to achieve high CO conversion&nbsp;and&nbsp;avoid&nbsp;the&nbsp;formationof&nbsp;the undesirable CH<sub>4<\/sub>&nbsp;through the Sabatier reactions described in&nbsp;Eqs&nbsp;3 and 4. A&nbsp;heterogeneous&nbsp;catalyst of&nbsp;<strong>P-K-Mo2C<\/strong>&nbsp;is used to speed up the reaction and obtain the desired selectivity for CO formation under&nbsp;<strong>lower temperatures around 450 \u00b0C<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"font-size:20px\">CO<sub>2<\/sub>+3H<sub>2<\/sub>&nbsp; \u21cc&nbsp; CH<sub>4<\/sub>+2H<sub>2<\/sub>O&nbsp; &nbsp; (Eq.3) &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"font-size:20px\">CO+3H<sub>2<\/sub>&nbsp; \u21cc&nbsp; CH<sub>4<\/sub>+H<sub>2<\/sub>O&nbsp; &nbsp; (Eq.4)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">A&nbsp;heterogeneous&nbsp;catalyst of P-K-Mo2C is used to speed up the reaction and obtain the desired selectivity for CO formation under lower temperatures around 450 \u00b0C.&nbsp;A Packed-bed reactor system was built to run this reactor and analyze the product distribution. Figure(2) shows the main components in the system.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"414\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-65-1024x414.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-73042\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-65-1024x414.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-65-300x121.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-65-768x310.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-65-1536x621.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-65-1200x485.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-65.png 1836w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption><strong>Figure 2.&nbsp;<\/strong>Final system design<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:30px\"><strong>Technical Approach<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">System performance enhancements included:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">\u2022 <strong>Reducing<\/strong>&nbsp;the number of fittings and connections to reduce potential leak points<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">\u2022 <strong>Installing<\/strong>&nbsp;a GC column capable of attaining CO separation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">\u2022 <strong>Increasing<\/strong>&nbsp;H<sub>2<\/sub>&nbsp;and CO<sub>2&nbsp;<\/sub>concentrations in reactant gas cylinder to increase reaction kinetics<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"648\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-66-1024x648.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-73052\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-66-1024x648.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-66-300x190.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-66-768x486.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-66-1536x972.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-66-1200x759.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-66.png 1688w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption><strong>Figure 3.&nbsp;<\/strong>System P&amp;ID<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">\u2022 <strong>Fitting&nbsp;<\/strong>the experiment into 3 three-hour sessions<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">\u2022 <strong>Developing<\/strong>&nbsp;easy-to-follow SOPs with low maintenance requirements<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">\u2022 <strong>Reinforcing<\/strong>&nbsp;student\u2019s understanding of fundamental chemical engineering&nbsp;concepts related to reactor design, kinetics, and thermodynamics<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"447\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-67-1024x447.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-73062\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-67-1024x447.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-67-300x131.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-67-768x335.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-67-1536x671.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-67-1200x524.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-67.png 1608w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:30px\"><strong>Results &amp; Discussion<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">As a result of changing the GC column and running many experiments to find the ideal running conditions for the GC, the&nbsp;<strong>GC now can separate and analyze all our products<\/strong>. This solves the problem that was faced by last year\u2019s team.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"306\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-68-1024x306.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-73072\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-68-1024x306.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-68-300x90.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-68-768x229.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-68-1536x458.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-68-2048x611.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-68-1200x358.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-68-1980x591.png 1980w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption><strong>Figure 4.&nbsp;<\/strong>Chromatogram results with a column temperature of 60 \u00b0C and carrier gas flow of 5 ml\/min (left), chromatogram results with a column temperature of 50 \u00b0C and carrier gas flow of 10 ml\/min (right)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Experimental Design and Execution<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">\u2022 <strong>Calibrations between peak area and gas concentration&nbsp;<\/strong>are developed for CO<sub>2&nbsp;<\/sub>and&nbsp;Ar&nbsp;by performing multiple injections with two reactant gas cylinders (10% CO<sub>2<\/sub>, 60%&nbsp;Ar, 30% H<sub>2<\/sub>; 22% CO<sub>2<\/sub>, 12%&nbsp;Ar, 66% H<sub>2<\/sub>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">\u2022 Changes in CO<sub>2<\/sub>&nbsp;and&nbsp;Ar&nbsp;concentration are used to calculate<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">\u2022 <strong>CO conversion&nbsp;<\/strong>as RWGS proceeds<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">\u2022 Conversion and CO concentration are calculated two ways: (1) Assuming volumetric flow rate is constant and (2) assuming inert molar flow rate is constant.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Assumption 1<\/strong>:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"139\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen_Shot_2022-04-24_at_4.41.40_PM-removebg-preview-1024x139.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-73172\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen_Shot_2022-04-24_at_4.41.40_PM-removebg-preview-1024x139.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen_Shot_2022-04-24_at_4.41.40_PM-removebg-preview-300x41.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen_Shot_2022-04-24_at_4.41.40_PM-removebg-preview-768x105.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen_Shot_2022-04-24_at_4.41.40_PM-removebg-preview.png 1160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Assumption 2<\/strong>:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"168\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen_Shot_2022-04-24_at_4.41.55_PM-removebg-preview-1024x168.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-73182\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen_Shot_2022-04-24_at_4.41.55_PM-removebg-preview-1024x168.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen_Shot_2022-04-24_at_4.41.55_PM-removebg-preview-300x49.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen_Shot_2022-04-24_at_4.41.55_PM-removebg-preview-768x126.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen_Shot_2022-04-24_at_4.41.55_PM-removebg-preview-1200x196.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen_Shot_2022-04-24_at_4.41.55_PM-removebg-preview.png 1234w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">The graphs below demonstrate a proof of concept for relating experimental data to reaction performance metrics and reaction properties.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"937\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-69-1024x937.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-73082\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-69-1024x937.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-69-300x275.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-69-768x703.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-69.png 1154w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption><strong>Figure 5.&nbsp;<\/strong>Results from experiment to examine conversion as function of temperature. Calculations are made using Assumption 1. 50 ml\/min flow rate, P = 1 atm<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"840\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-153.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-100492\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-153.png 840w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-153-300x193.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-153-768x494.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 840px) 100vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption>Fig 6.&nbsp;Arrhenius plot to calculate activation energy&nbsp;(Flow=50ml\/min, cat. Weight = 500mg)\u200b<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:30px\"><strong>Future Work<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">\u2022 Couple a mass flow controller with a double stage pressure regulator at the reactor system inlet to allow for&nbsp;<strong>pressure control above atmospheric&nbsp;<\/strong>without affecting sample injections<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">\u2022 Replacing older connections within the GC<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">\u2022 <strong>Reducing start-up time for GC operation&nbsp;<\/strong>from 1 hour and reducing elution time for gas injections to allow for more experimentation within a 3-hour period<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"441\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/big5-1024x441.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-100462\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/big5-1024x441.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/big5-300x129.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/big5-768x330.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/big5-1536x661.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/big5-2048x881.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/big5-1200x516.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/big5-1980x852.png 1980w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>The bigger picture: our project can be integrated with other projects in ECE and the CHE departments<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:30px\"><strong>Acknowledgements<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Team TTT would like to express its deepest gratitude to&nbsp;the&nbsp;project sponsor,Professor Marc&nbsp;Porosoff. The team expresses its special thanks to the&nbsp;CHE&nbsp;255 instructors for their availability, support, and feedback.&nbsp;Thank you&nbsp;to&nbsp;Professor&nbsp;Melodie&nbsp;Lawton, Professor F. Doug Kelley,&nbsp;Professor Mark Juba,&nbsp;Clair Cunningham, and&nbsp;Jeff&nbsp;Lefler. We would also like to extend our thanks to Jorge Medina for serving as our project TA.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:30px\"><strong>References <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Juneau,&nbsp;M.&nbsp;&#8220;Assessing&nbsp;the&nbsp;viability of K-Mo2C for reverse water\u2013gas shift scale-up: molecular to laboratory&nbsp;to&nbsp;pilot scale\u201d&nbsp;<em>Energy&nbsp;<\/em><em>&amp; Environmental Science<\/em>. July 2020.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlelanding\/2020\/ee\/d0ee01457e\">https:\/\/pubs.rsc<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlelanding\/2020\/ee\/d0ee01457e\">.<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlelanding\/2020\/ee\/d0ee01457e\">org\/en\/content\/articlelanding\/2020\/ee\/d0ee01457e<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Fogler, H. Scott.&nbsp;<em>Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering<\/em>. 6th ed., Pearson Education, 2016.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>&nbsp;<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Students can study heterogeneous catalysis reactions with a continuous reactor<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6242,"featured_media":104172,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/template-full-width.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[76],"tags":[5522],"coauthors":[8612],"class_list":["post-63952","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-che-archive","tag-reactor-design"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - 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