{"id":69372,"date":"2022-04-28T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-04-28T16:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/?p=286"},"modified":"2022-09-12T10:29:21","modified_gmt":"2022-09-12T14:29:21","slug":"cardio2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/cardio2\/","title":{"rendered":"Mitral Valve Papillary Ring: A new gold standard in subvalvular exposure"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-image wp-duotone-rgba521125091-rgb245244244-1\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/MVP-Ring-4-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1815\" width=\"265\" height=\"265\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/MVP-Ring-4-2.png 500w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/MVP-Ring-4-2-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/MVP-Ring-4-2-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 265px) 100vw, 265px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#263360\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Team<\/mark><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-19-at-21.48.11-2-1024x731.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1749\" width=\"620\" height=\"442\"\/><figcaption>Team Members: Ejiroghene Davies-Okarevu, Katarina Lichak <em>(from Left to Right)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div aria-label=\"Offset Gallery\" class=\"wp-block-coblocks-gallery-offset has-lightbox\"><ul class=\"coblocks-gallery has-no-alignment has-caption-style-dark has-medium-images has-custom-gutter\" style=\"--coblocks-custom-gutter:3em\"><li class=\"coblocks-gallery--item\"><figure class=\"wp-block-coblocks-gallery-offset__figure\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/ejlinkedin-3.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1918\" data-imglink=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1918\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/ejlinkedin-3.png 500w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/ejlinkedin-3-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/ejlinkedin-3-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"coblocks-gallery--caption\">Ejiroghene&#8217;s LinkedIn<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"coblocks-gallery--item\"><figure class=\"wp-block-coblocks-gallery-offset__figure\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/katlinkedin-4.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1920\" data-imglink=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1920\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/katlinkedin-4.png 500w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/katlinkedin-4-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/katlinkedin-4-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"coblocks-gallery--caption\">Katarina&#8217;s LinkedIn<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:35px\"><strong style=\"-webkit-user-select: auto;\"><mark style=\"background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#263051\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Biodesign Statement <\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em style=\"-webkit-user-select: auto;\"><strong style=\"-webkit-user-select: auto;\">A device for cardiothoracic surgeons to use to retract the leaflets of the mitral valve to increase visualization of and access to the sub<\/strong><\/em><em><strong>&#8211;<\/strong><\/em><em style=\"-webkit-user-select: auto;\"><strong style=\"-webkit-user-select: auto;\">valvular structures during mitral valve repair surgery.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:35px\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#262f5f\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Introduction<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Mitral Valve Papillary Ring<\/span> is a one-of-a-kind mitral valve retraction device that aids in visualization of and access to the sub-valvular structures during mitral valve repair surgery. The device allows for hands-free exposure of the surgical site without the added risk of valve leaflet damage that is present with current methods of exposure. We are committed to providing cardiothoracic surgeons with the best methods for exposure to ensure an efficient surgical process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image wp-duotone-000000-rgb247247247-2\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-18-at-12.44.07-PM.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1391\" width=\"436\" height=\"404\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-18-at-12.44.07-PM.png 676w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-18-at-12.44.07-PM-300x279.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 436px) 100vw, 436px\" \/><figcaption>View of the Mitral Valve With Relevant Sub-valvular Structures Identified and Circled<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:35px\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#26336c\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Problem<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The most critical aspect of a successful procedure during mitral valve repair surgery is adequate surgical site visualization. Proper visualization allows surgeons to recreate the patient&#8217;s native anatomy and improve hemodynamic function for better surgical outcomes. The primary method of obtaining visualization is suturing of the mitral valve leaflets. The secondary solution is the use of a sterile ruler. A few competitive devices on the market are also designed for mitral valve retraction and provide an advantage over traditional methods by reducing surgical time. However, the devices are significantly more expensive than rulers or sutures. The images below show each of the current methods of visualization and their primary shortcomings. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-20-at-14.51.26-1024x339.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1925\"\/><figcaption> Current methods of sub-valvular exposure <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:35px\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#262c6f\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Our Device<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Prototyping History<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Click through the slide deck to see our iterative design process<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div aria-label=\"Carousel Gallery\" class=\"wp-block-coblocks-gallery-carousel\"><div class=\"coblocks-gallery-carousel-swiper-container is-cropped coblocks-gallery has-no-alignment has-caption-style-dark has-no-thumbnails\"><div class=\"has-carousel has-carousel-lrg swiper-container\" data-swiper=\"{&quot;alignCells&quot;:false,&quot;autoPlay&quot;:false,&quot;autoPlaySpeed&quot;:3000,&quot;draggable&quot;:true,&quot;freeScroll&quot;:false,&quot;loop&quot;:false,&quot;navigation&quot;:true,&quot;pageDots&quot;:false,&quot;pauseHover&quot;:false,&quot;responsiveHeight&quot;:false,&quot;slidesPerView&quot;:2,&quot;thumbnails&quot;:false,&quot;uuid&quot;:&quot;12345&quot;}\" id=\"12345\" style=\"height:322px\"><div class=\"swiper-wrapper\"><div class=\"swiper-slide\"><div class=\"coblocks-gallery--item\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\"><figure class=\"coblocks-gallery--figure has-margin-left-mobile-15 has-margin-right-mobile-15\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"698\" height=\"742\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-86982\" data-id=\"86982\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-21-at-5.23.19-PM-1.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-21-at-5.23.19-PM-1.png 698w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-21-at-5.23.19-PM-1-282x300.png 282w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 698px) 100vw, 698px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"coblocks-gallery--caption coblocks-gallery--primary-caption\"><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\"><div class=\"coblocks-gallery--item\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"1\"><figure class=\"coblocks-gallery--figure has-margin-left-mobile-15 has-margin-right-mobile-15\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"738\" height=\"700\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-87132\" data-id=\"87132\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-27-at-3.07.09-PM.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-27-at-3.07.09-PM.png 738w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-27-at-3.07.09-PM-300x285.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 738px) 100vw, 738px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"coblocks-gallery--caption coblocks-gallery--primary-caption\"><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\"><div class=\"coblocks-gallery--item\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"2\"><figure class=\"coblocks-gallery--figure has-margin-left-mobile-15 has-margin-right-mobile-15\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"526\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-87042\" data-id=\"87042\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-21-at-12.11.55-AM-2.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-21-at-12.11.55-AM-2.png 730w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-21-at-12.11.55-AM-2-300x216.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"coblocks-gallery--caption coblocks-gallery--primary-caption\"><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\"><div class=\"coblocks-gallery--item\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"3\"><figure class=\"coblocks-gallery--figure has-margin-left-mobile-15 has-margin-right-mobile-15\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"912\" height=\"676\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-87002\" data-id=\"87002\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-20-at-11.49.27-PM-3.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-20-at-11.49.27-PM-3.png 912w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-20-at-11.49.27-PM-3-300x222.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-20-at-11.49.27-PM-3-768x569.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 912px) 100vw, 912px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"coblocks-gallery--caption coblocks-gallery--primary-caption\"><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\"><div class=\"coblocks-gallery--item\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"4\"><figure class=\"coblocks-gallery--figure has-margin-left-mobile-15 has-margin-right-mobile-15\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"808\" height=\"596\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-87022\" data-id=\"87022\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-20-at-11.50.07-PM-3.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-20-at-11.50.07-PM-3.png 808w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-20-at-11.50.07-PM-3-300x221.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-20-at-11.50.07-PM-3-768x566.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 808px) 100vw, 808px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"coblocks-gallery--caption coblocks-gallery--primary-caption\"><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\"><div class=\"coblocks-gallery--item\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"5\"><figure class=\"coblocks-gallery--figure has-margin-left-mobile-15 has-margin-right-mobile-15\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"890\" height=\"660\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-87012\" data-id=\"87012\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-20-at-11.51.16-PM-3.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-20-at-11.51.16-PM-3.png 890w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-20-at-11.51.16-PM-3-300x222.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-20-at-11.51.16-PM-3-768x570.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 890px) 100vw, 890px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"coblocks-gallery--caption coblocks-gallery--primary-caption\"><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\"><div class=\"coblocks-gallery--item\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"6\"><figure class=\"coblocks-gallery--figure has-margin-left-mobile-15 has-margin-right-mobile-15\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"592\" height=\"550\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-91082\" data-id=\"91082\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/cardio2\/screenshot-2022-04-28-at-00-09-09-2\/\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Screenshot-2022-04-28-at-00.09.09-1.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Screenshot-2022-04-28-at-00.09.09-1.png 592w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Screenshot-2022-04-28-at-00.09.09-1-300x279.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 592px) 100vw, 592px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"coblocks-gallery--caption coblocks-gallery--primary-caption\"><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div><button class=\"nav-button__prev\" id=\"12345-prev\"><svg class=\"icon\" style=\"transform:rotate(180deg)\"><\/svg><\/button><button class=\"nav-button__next\" id=\"12345-next\"><svg class=\"icon\"><\/svg><\/button><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide are-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover is-light\" style=\"min-height:429px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"has-background-dim-100 wp-block-cover__gradient-background has-background-dim\" style=\"background-color:#f6f6f6\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"556\" height=\"504\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-28-at-00.14.36.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-91042\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-28-at-00.14.36.png 556w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-28-at-00.14.36-300x272.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 556px) 100vw, 556px\" \/><figcaption>Mitral Valve Papillary Ring (Pre-deployment)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:1em;padding-right:1em;padding-bottom:1em;padding-left:1em\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:320px\">\n<p style=\"font-size:30px\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#262e5e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Device Features<\/mark><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#263181\" class=\"has-inline-color\"> <\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\"><strong>Optimally designed outer surface to promote stability and friction in the mitral valve<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\"><strong>Deployment holes on the MVP Ring<\/strong> <strong>allow for efficient and atraumatic placement of the retractor into the mitral valve<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\"><strong>Flexible, intercalated hinge<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\"><strong>Dual material design<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong style=\"-webkit-user-select: auto;\">Mechanism for minimizing device upon deployment <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide are-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover is-light\" style=\"min-height:600px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"has-background-dim-100 wp-block-cover__gradient-background has-background-dim\" style=\"background-color:#f6f6f6\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignfull are-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-28-at-00.15.29-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-91402\" width=\"626\" height=\"414\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-28-at-00.15.29-2.png 834w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-28-at-00.15.29-2-300x199.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-28-at-00.15.29-2-768x508.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 626px) 100vw, 626px\" \/><figcaption>Diverse Sizing Options<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:1em;padding-right:1em;padding-bottom:1em;padding-left:1em\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:320px\">\n<p style=\"font-size:30px\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#252758\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Tailor-made for you!<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\"><strong>We appreciate that our customers&#8217;<\/strong> <strong>patients are unique. That&#8217;s why we design our retractors to suit your needs.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Below is an animation depicting the process of inserting the MVP Ring into the valve. The heart is shown cut open so that the viewer may easily see the anatomy surrounding the mitral valve. This view is not representative of a minimally invasive mitral valve repair surgery. The view during the surgery would be shown on a camera that would be inserted through the left atrium of the heart.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video aligncenter\"><video height=\"514\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 2274 \/ 514;\" width=\"2274\" controls src=\"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/0001-0540.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:35px\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#262e5b\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Voice of the Customer Feedback<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote has-text-color has-large-font-size\" style=\"color:#374080;font-style:normal;font-weight:200\"><blockquote><p><mark style=\"background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); -webkit-user-select: auto;\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\">Visualization really is the most important aspect of mitral val<\/mark><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\">v<\/mark><mark style=\"background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); -webkit-user-select: auto;\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\">e surgery because it allows you to get close to accurately recreating the patient&#8217;s native anatomy.<\/mark><\/p><cite>Personal Interview with Dr. Daniel Ziazadeh (Cardiothoracic Surgery Resident, University of Rochester Medical Center)<\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Ziazadeh-lab-coat.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-91222\" width=\"246\" height=\"369\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\"><blockquote><p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\">Maintaining good stability in the valve is extremely important. When a device slips out of place in the valve, we have to take it out of the patient, roll it up and place it back in.<\/mark><\/p><cite>Usability Testing Session with Dr. Peter Knight (Chief of Cardiac Surgery at the University of Rochester Medical Center)<\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/2415.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-91472\" width=\"256\" height=\"385\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/2415.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/2415-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 256px) 100vw, 256px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-normal-font-size\" style=\"font-size:35px\"><strong style=\"-webkit-user-select: auto;\"><mark style=\"background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); color: rgb(38, 46, 91); -webkit-user-select: auto;\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Better Than The Res<\/mark><\/strong><strong style=\"-webkit-user-select: auto;\"><mark style=\"background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); color: rgb(38, 46, 91); -webkit-user-select: auto;\" class=\"has-inline-color\">t! <\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"609\" src=\"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-20-at-03.41.54-1024x609.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1831\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-20-at-03.41.54-1024x609.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-20-at-03.41.54-300x179.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-20-at-03.41.54-768x457.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-20-at-03.41.54-1536x914.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-20-at-03.41.54-1200x714.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-20-at-03.41.54.png 1838w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>Comparison of the MVP Ring To Other Sub-valvular Mitral Valve Exposure Devices <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:35px\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#262c60\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Heuristics Analysis <\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The team conducted a human factors and heuristics review of the Mitral Valve Papillary Ring in accordance with guidelines stipulated by IEC 62366: Medical Devices- Usability Engineering and ANSI\/AAMI HE-75: Design of Medical Devices. Definitions for the various heuristics categories were obtained from the paper, &#8220;Using Usability Heuristics to evaluate patient safety of medical devices,&#8221; by Jiajie Zhang et. al (2003).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table alignwide is-style-stripes\" style=\"font-size:13px\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>Places of&nbsp;Occurrence<\/td><td>Usability Problem Description<\/td><td>Heuristics Violated<\/td><td>Mean Severity Rating&nbsp;<\/td><td>Design Modification<\/td><td>New Severity Rating&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Assembly<\/td><td>The Scrub nurse&nbsp;<strong>adjusts the retractor to the wrong size<\/strong>. This could occur if the diameters that can be accommodated by our device are not well defined, and there is confusion about which size can best suit a patient.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><td>Consistency, Match, Error, Document<\/td><td>2.5<\/td><td>We provide&nbsp;<strong>instructions for use as well as size charts&nbsp;<\/strong>with each pack of retractors<\/td><td>1.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mechanism of&nbsp;Adjustment<\/td><td>If adjustment is needed in this stage, it may be&nbsp;<strong>unclear what direction<\/strong>&nbsp;the surgeon is&nbsp;<strong>to manipulate the device<\/strong>&nbsp;in to make it smaller or larger in the annulus.<\/td><td>Consistency, Match, Memory, Feedback, Error, Language, Control, Document<\/td><td>2.94<\/td><td>We&nbsp;<strong>minimized the number of steps&nbsp;<\/strong>needed to adjust the retractor by 50%<\/td><td>2.3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td><strong>Inadequate tactile feedback<\/strong>. This occurs because the ratio of the force applied to adjustments made is not well matched. Also, no stopping mechanism and a lack of audio or visual when they make each adjustment.<\/td><td>Consistency, Match, Error, Closure, Undo, Document<\/td><td>2.93<\/td><td>We&nbsp;<strong>tested the force exerted by our device and optimized the design&nbsp;<\/strong>to exert just as much force as devices that have been cleared to be on the market.&nbsp;<\/td><td>1.5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Removal<\/td><td>The surgeon <strong>doesn\u2019t decrease the diameter<\/strong>&nbsp;of the device prior to removal.<\/td><td>Consistency, Match, Memory, Error, Closure, Document<\/td><td>3.75<\/td><td>We intend to stress this as part of the&nbsp;<strong>device use and safety training&nbsp;<\/strong>we offer to surgeons. Also designed the device to suggest intuitive clamping of removal mechanism (but we understand that this is subjective)&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><td>3<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption>Abridged Version of Heuristics Analysis Table<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:35px\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#262f75\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Testing Summary<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following tests were performed to optimize the device design and to prove the safety and effectiveness of our device. Sample size determination for testing was established in accordance with risk assessment guidelines stipulated in ISO 14971: 2019 (Application of Risk Management to Medical Devices) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Surface Adhesion Testing <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With the goal of determining which features of the pattern are important for surface attachment, we performed a Design of Experiment (DOE) in order to optimize the patterned outer surface of our device. We performed a 4 factor, 2 level DOE. The factors were frequency of the peaks, density of the peaks, extrusion height of the pattern and wetness of the surface. This test was performed by dragging the patterned objects across a surface which was comparably similar to the surface of the mitral valve, and measuring the force used to translate the patterned object using a force transducer. A weighted cylinder was placed on the patterned object being measured to ensure that the force transducer would be able to record the value being measured. A free body diagram of the experimental setup is shown in the Figure below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"623\" src=\"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-20-at-23.48.41-1024x623.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2031\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-20-at-23.48.41-1024x623.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-20-at-23.48.41-300x183.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-20-at-23.48.41-768x467.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-20-at-23.48.41-1200x730.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-20-at-23.48.41.png 1318w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>Free Body Diagram of Experimental Setup<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Factors Varied:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Density<\/li><li><mark style=\"background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Frequency of Peaks<\/mark><\/li><li>Extrusion Height&nbsp;<\/li><li>Surface Wetness<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default wp-duotone-000000-rgb240240240-3\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-18-at-8.24.27-PM.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1447\" width=\"373\" height=\"263\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-18-at-8.24.27-PM.png 752w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-18-at-8.24.27-PM-300x212.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 373px) 100vw, 373px\" \/><figcaption>Patterns utilized in the DOE.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Through analysis in JMP, we found that frequency was a statistically significant factor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-20-at-8.27.15-PM.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1967\"\/><figcaption>DOE Results<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Force Testing<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With the goal of determining whether our device exerts as much force on the valve leaflets as the state of the art design, we conducted force tests on the ruler and the MVP Ring. The ruler was tested in its rolled state to simulate the forces that it would exert on the valve leaflet tissue (Figure X). The MVP Ring was tested by fixing one arm and pushing the other arm from the open to closed position. Force was recorded using a Vernier device. Using statistical analysis the force from the ruler was compared to the force from the retractor. Using a two-tailed t-test it was found that the difference between the averages of the recorded forces was not statistically significant.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery aligncenter has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-4 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"1450\" src=\"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-18-at-8.27.21-PM.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1450\"\/><figcaption>Force Testing Set-up for Ruler<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"1448\" src=\"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-18-at-8.25.51-PM.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1448\"\/><figcaption>Force Testing Set-up for MVP Ring<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>After comparing the force the MVP Ring exerts on the mitral valve leaflets with the force exerted by a current method of exposure, using a two-tailed t-test, we found that the difference between the forces was not statistically significant. A graphical representation of the results is shown in the Figure below. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-20-at-8.29.33-PM.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1968\" width=\"424\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-20-at-8.29.33-PM.png 568w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-20-at-8.29.33-PM-300x265.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 424px) 100vw, 424px\" \/><figcaption>Summary of two-tailed t-test results <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Usability Testing<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Preparation, Deployment, and Removal Time <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During the process of obtaining visualization of the sub-valvular structures of the mitral valve, a patient is on cardiopulmonary bypass. Ideally, the amount of time that the patient must remain on bypass will be minimized during a surgery. In the usability test, we recorded the time that it takes a physician to prepare, deploy and remove our device. We used the ruler as the &#8220;gold standard&#8221; of comparison. Figure x shows our device after deployment into the mitral valve of a porcine heart. Figure y shows the average time for preparation, deployment and removal of our device compared to the ruler.       <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-5 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"226\" height=\"300\" data-id=\"1407\" src=\"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-18-at-1.08.02-PM-226x300.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1407\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-18-at-1.08.02-PM-226x300.png 226w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-18-at-1.08.02-PM-773x1024.png 773w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screen-Shot-2022-04-18-at-1.08.02-PM.png 918w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 226px) 100vw, 226px\" \/><figcaption>Post-deployment of the MVP Ring in the mitral valve of a porcine heart. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"2116\" src=\"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/IMG_9533-edited-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2116\" width=\"347\" height=\"348\"\/><figcaption>Post-deployment stage using the Wakka Technique in the mitral valve of a porcine heart <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image has-filter-sepia\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"722\" height=\"436\" src=\"https:\/\/seniordesign.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/spring2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-17.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-17.png 722w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/image-17-300x181.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 722px) 100vw, 722px\" \/><figcaption>Usability Time Testing of the Ruler and the MVP Ring (Retractor). <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Customer Usability<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A usability study was completed with Dr. Peter Knight. To obtain feedback on our design we had Dr. Knight utilize the ruler for visualization in a porcine heart, followed by our device. From the usability study we gathered that the patterned surface is a desirable feature of our design and helps to mitigate the largest problem that occurs with the ruler which is slippage within the valve. We also received feedback that for purposes of insertion into the surgical workspace our device arms should overlap to reduce the diameter of the device in the closed position.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:35px\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#263769\" class=\"has-inline-color\">The Market<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignfull is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover is-light\" style=\"min-height:600px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"has-background-dim-100 wp-block-cover__gradient-background has-background-dim\" style=\"background-color:#f6f6f6\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-22-at-13.11.52-1024x603.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-70692\" width=\"646\" height=\"379\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-22-at-13.11.52-1024x603.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-22-at-13.11.52-300x177.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-22-at-13.11.52-768x452.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hajim.rochester.edu\/senior-design-day\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Screenshot-2022-04-22-at-13.11.52.png 1284w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 646px) 100vw, 646px\" \/><figcaption>Estimated Market Size of the Mitral Valve Papillary Ring <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:1em;padding-right:1em;padding-bottom:1em;padding-left:1em\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:320px\">\n<p style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>Significant<\/strong><strong style=\"-webkit-user-select: auto;\"> Factors:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"font-size:20px\"><li>About 44,600 Mitral Valve Repair Surgeries are performed in the U. S. each year <\/li><li>Approximately 3-5% of the American population are affected by mitral valve prolapse<\/li><li>Approximately 2% of the world population is affected by mitral valve prolapse<\/li><li>The cardiovascular surgical instruments industry is estimated to be worth $1.41 billion, and it is growing with an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:14px\">*Our assumption for the Service Obtainable Market is that we are able to reach only 30% of surgeons performing this procedure in the United States<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-custom-font mt-0 pt-0\" style=\"font-family:IBM Plex Sans;font-size:26px\"><strong>Key Takeaway: Our device has the potential to thrive in international markets based on market research and Voice of the Customer feedback received from internationally-based surgeons!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#26365f\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Regulatory Strategy<\/mark><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Considering other competitive devices in this space utilizing comparable technology, the team has decided to pursue FDA Clearance of the MVP Ring as a Class 1 device. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The product code for the MVP Ring is DWS which is a general classification for Class 1 Cardiovascular Surgical Instruments that are 510(k) exempt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The MVP ring would still be subject to appropriate design controls and regulatory controls stipulated by the FDA. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The safety and efficacy of the MVP Ring have been evaluated in accordance with recommended FDA guidance documents, as well as internationally recognized standards including ISO 14971, ISO 13485, ISO 10993 and IEC 62366.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#26386e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Future Work<\/mark><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Material optimization<\/li><li>Conclude the process of securing device patents <\/li><li>Further biocompatibility testing<\/li><li>Further animal testing is required<\/li><li>Cadaver testing is also required to simulate near-surgical conditions<\/li><li>Register team (company) with the FDA and begin the official path to market<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#263369\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Acknowledgements <\/mark><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Dr. Greg Gdowski, CMTI Executive Director<\/li><li>Martin Gira, CMTI Senior Research Engineer<\/li><li>Dr. Amy Lerner, CMTI Academic Director<\/li><li>Dr. Peter Knight, URMC Cardiothoracic Surgery<\/li><li>Dr. Jonathan Stone, URMC Neurological Surgery<\/li><li>Dr. Rajiv Devanagondi, URMC Pediatric Cardiology<\/li><li>Dr. Maher Abadeer, URMC Pediatric Cardiology<\/li><li>Dr. Martha Gdowski, URMC Department of Neuroscience<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#262a78\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Re<\/mark><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#252969\" class=\"has-inline-color\">ferences<\/mark><\/h2>\n\n\n\n[1] Pick, A. (2008). <em>&#8220;What is the Mitral Valve Annulus?&#8221; <\/em>. Heart Valve Surgery.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n[2] Adams, D. (n.d.). <em>Anterior leaflet mitral valve repair: Chordal transposition and Neochordoplasty<\/em>. Mitral Valve Repair Center. <\/p>\n\n\n\n[3] <em>Novel Mitral Valve Leaflets Retractor<\/em> (2018) <em>The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n[4]<em style=\"-webkit-user-select: auto;\"> Badhwar, V., Vemulapalli, S., Mack, M. A., Gillinov, A. M., Chikwe, J., Dearani, J. A., . . . Shahian, D. M. (2020). Volume-outcome association of mitral valve surgery in the United States. <em style=\"-webkit-user-select: auto;\">JAMA Cardiology,<\/em> <em style=\"-webkit-user-select: auto;\">5<\/em>(10), 1092. doi:10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.2221 <\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n[5] <em style=\"-webkit-user-select: auto;\">Douedi S, Douedi H. Mitral Regurgitation. [Updated 2021 Nov 8]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n[6] <em style=\"-webkit-user-select: auto;\">(n.d.). Retrieved April 22, 2022, from https:\/\/www.pennmedicine.org\/updates\/blogs\/heart-and-vascular-blog\/2019\/november\/mitral-valve-prolapse<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n[7] <em style=\"-webkit-user-select: auto;\">BioSpace. (2022, March 15). Cardiac surgery instruments market size, share, growth trends, and forecast analysis. Retrieved April 22, 2022, from https:\/\/www.biospace.com\/article\/cardiac-surgery-instruments-market-size-share-growth-trends-and-forecast-analysis\/<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n[8] <em style=\"-webkit-user-select: auto;\">Zhang J, Johnson TR, Patel VL, Paige DL, Kubose T. Using usability heuristics to evaluate patient safety of medical devices. J Biomed Inform. 2003 Feb-Apr;36(1-2):23-30. doi: 10.1016\/s1532-0464(03)00060-1. PMID: 14552844.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With the MVP Ring, surgeons are able to recreate a patient&#8217;s native heart valve anatomy and overall hemodynamic function leading to improved surgical outcomes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6242,"featured_media":1849,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"ArialHelvetica,,IBM Plex Sans,,Arial","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[],"coauthors":[11412,8612],"class_list":["post-69372","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cmti-archive"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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